Low Vitamin D Status is Linked to Cardiovascular Risk in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background and Aim: Vitamin D is linked to the prevalence and severity of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Autonomic dysfunctions are evident in newly diagnosed T2DM subjects. However, the association of Vitamin D level with autonomic dysfunction in newly diagnosed T2DM remains unclear. To study the relationship between Vitamin D status and cardiovascular autonomic function in newly diagnosed T2DM. Methods: One group descriptive study with 47 newly diagnosed T2DM patients (mean age 39±4 years, with 23 males and 24 females), recruited based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria in outpatient clinic of Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India. Cardiovascular autonomic functions including heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity and other conventional autonomic function tests were measured. The level of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D[25(OH)D] was measured using chemiluminescence assay technique. Results: The mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was 17.49±7.10, and all patients had Low Vitamin D levels (<30 ng/mL). There were significant negative correlations of Vitamin D level with basal HR (P=0.006), LF(nu) (P=0.010), LF-HF ratio (P=0.023); and positive correlations with BRS (P=0.007), HF(nu) (P<0.001) and TP (P=0.002). Conclusion: There was decrease in Vitamin D level in all subjects and it showed association with markers of sympathovagal imbalance. This might increase the cardiovascular risk in them.