Effect of gender on circadian variations and outcome in ST-segment elevated anterior wall myocardial infarction patients

Abstract

Background and Aim: The circadian rhythm is known to influence a number of physiological and pathological cardiovascular processes including the incidence of acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, in the present work the role of gender in anterior wall ST-Segment Elevated Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients have been studied. Methods: In this hospital-based, cross-sectional study, 200 patients were chosen as per the selection criteria from among the acute myocardial infraction (MI) patients admitted in the Department of Cardiology, Medical College Hospital, Kottayam. Results: Of the 200 subjects, 166 (83%) survived MI while 34 (17%) developed complications; statistical analytic tests applied between the time of onset of symptoms and the clinical outcome of the subjects were nonsignificant. A progressive increase was seen in the incidence of anterior wall myocardial infarction as age advances. There is a statistically significant higher occurrence of systemic hypertension in female subjects compared to the incidence of other comorbid illnesses among males and females. Conclusion: Occurrence of STEMI shows the first peak between 6 AM and 12 Noon and the second peak was from 12 Noon to 6 PM. There is a statistically significant higher occurrence of systemic hypertension in female subjects compared to the incidence of other comorbid illnesses among males and females. There is no significant correlation between the time of onset of symptoms and complications in any particular gender. Mortality was higher in males and the deaths in each period were proportionate irrespective of the circadian pattern.